Qhov sib txawv ntawm Nitrate thiab Nitrite

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite yog tias nitrate muaj peb lub oxygen atoms sib koom ua ke rau nitrogen atom thaum nitrite muaj ob lub pa oxygen atoms sib koom nrog nitrogen atom.
Ob leeg nitrate thiab nitrite yog inorganic anions uas muaj nitrogen thiab oxygen atoms.Ob qho anions no muaj -1 hluav taws xob.Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim raws li anion ntawm ntsev tebchaw.Muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite;peb yuav tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lus no.

Nitrate yog dab tsi?

Nitrate yog ib qho inorganic anion muaj cov tshuaj formula NO3-.Nws yog polyatomic anion uas muaj 4 atoms;ib tug nitrogen atom thiab peb oxygen atoms.Cov anion muaj -1 tag nrho cov nqi.Cov molar loj ntawm no anion yog 62 g / mol.Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no anion yog muab los ntawm nws cov conjugate acid;nitric acid los yog HNO3.Hauv lwm lo lus, nitrate yog lub hauv paus conjugate ntawm nitric acid.

Nyob rau hauv luv luv, nitrate ion muaj ib tug nitrogen atom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas khi nrog peb oxygen atoms ntawm covalent tshuaj bonding.Thaum xav txog cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov anion no, nws muaj peb qhov sib npaug NO bonds (raws li cov qauv resonance ntawm anion).Yog li ntawd, lub geometry ntawm lub molecule yog trigonal planar.Txhua cov pa oxygen atom nqa tus nqi − 2⁄3, uas muab tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov anion li -1.

Ntawm tus qauv siab thiab qhov kub thiab txias, yuav luag tag nrho cov ntsev sib txuas uas muaj cov anion yaj hauv dej.Peb tuaj yeem pom cov ntsev nitrate nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb raws li deposits;nitrate deposits.Nws feem ntau muaj sodium nitrate.Ntxiv mus, cov kab mob nitrifying tuaj yeem tsim nitrate ion.Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov ntsev nitrate yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov chiv.Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev hauv cov khoom tawg.

Nitrite yog dab tsi?

Nitrite yog cov ntsev inorganic uas muaj cov tshuaj formula NO2-.Cov anion no yog ib qho symmetric anion, thiab nws muaj ib tug nitrogen atom bonded rau ob oxygen atoms nrog ob zoo tib yam NO covalent tshuaj bonds.Yog li ntawd, nitrogen atom yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub molecule.Cov anion muaj -1 tag nrho cov nqi.

Molar mass ntawm anion yog 46.01 g / mol.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov anion no yog muab los ntawm nitrous acid lossis HNO2.Yog li, nws yog lub hauv paus conjugate ntawm nitrous acid.Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov ntsev nitrite hauv kev lag luam los ntawm kev dhau cov pa roj nitrous rau hauv cov kua dej sodium hydroxide.Ntxiv mus, qhov no ua rau sodium nitrite uas peb tuaj yeem ua kom huv ntawm recrystallization.Tsis tas li ntawd, nitrite ntsev xws li sodium nitrite muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev khaws zaub mov vim nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov zaub mov los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm microbial.

Qhov txawv ntawm Nitrate thiab Nitrite yog dab tsi?

Nitrate yog ib qho inorganic anion muaj cov tshuaj formula NO3- whereas Nitrite yog ib qho inorganic ntsev uas muaj cov tshuaj formula NO2-.Yog li ntawd, thawj qhov sib txawv ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite yog nyob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ob anions.Qhov ntawd yog;Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite yog tias nitrate muaj peb cov pa oxygen atoms sib koom ua ke rau nitrogen atom thaum nitrite muaj ob lub atoms sib txuas rau nitrogen atom.Ntxiv mus, nitrate ion yog muab los ntawm nws cov conjugate acid;nitric acid, thaum lub nitrite ion yog muab los ntawm nitrous acid.Raws li lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite ions, peb tuaj yeem hais tias nitrate yog tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing vim tias nws tuaj yeem raug txo qis thaum nitrite tuaj yeem ua ob qho tib si oxidizing thiab txo tus neeg sawv cev.