Tus nqi ntawm qhov tso nyiaj tooj liab tau txiav txim siab li cas?
Muaj ntau yam yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj tso nyiaj tooj liab.Ntawm lwm yam, cov tuam txhab yuav tsum xav txog qib, cov nqi kho kom zoo, kwv yees cov peev txheej tooj liab thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm kev khawb cov tooj liab.Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus luv luv ntawm ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm qhov tso nyiaj tooj liab.
1
Dab tsi ntawm tooj liab deposits muaj?
Porphyry tooj liab deposits yog qib qis tab sis yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tooj liab vim tias lawv tuaj yeem raug khawb ntawm qhov loj ntawm tus nqi qis.Lawv feem ntau muaj 0.4% mus rau 1% tooj liab thiab me me ntawm lwm yam hlau xws li molybdenum, nyiaj thiab kub.Porphyry tooj liab deposits feem ntau loj heev thiab muab rho tawm los ntawm qhib qhov mining.
Copper-bearing sedimentary pob zeb yog hom thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tooj liab deposits, accounting rau kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm lub ntiaj teb no txoj kev nrhiav tooj liab deposits.
Lwm hom tooj liab deposits nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no muaj xws li:
Volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits yog qhov chaw ntawm tooj liab sulfide tsim los ntawm hydrothermal txheej xwm nyob rau hauv seafloor ib puag ncig.
Hlau oxide-tooj liab-kub (IOCG) deposits yog high-value concentrations ntawm tooj liab, kub thiab uranium ores.
Copper skarn deposits, hais dav dav, yog tsim los ntawm chemical thiab lub cev ntxhia hloov pauv uas tshwm sim thaum ob qhov sib txawv lithologies tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag.
2
Qhov nruab nrab qib ntawm tooj liab deposits yog dab tsi?
Qib yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av thiab yog ib qho kev ntsuas zoo ntawm cov hlau concentration.Feem ntau cov tooj liab ore muaj tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm tooj liab hlau khi rau hauv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ore.Tus so ntawm cov ore tsuas yog tsis xav tau pob zeb.
Cov tuam txhab tshawb nrhiav ua cov kev pabcuam drilling los rho cov qauv pob zeb hu ua cores.Lub hauv paus yog tom qab ntawd tshuaj ntsuam xyuas los txiav txim siab "qib" ntawm qhov tso nyiaj.
Copper deposit qib feem ntau qhia raws li qhov hnyav feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov pob zeb.Piv txwv li, 1000 kilograms ntawm tooj liab ore muaj 300 kilograms ntawm tooj liab nrog rau qib ntawm 30%.Thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau qis dua, nws tuaj yeem piav qhia hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib lab.Txawm li cas los xij, qib yog cov lus pom zoo rau tooj liab, thiab cov tuam txhab tshawb nrhiav kwv yees qib los ntawm kev drilling thiab kev soj ntsuam.
Qhov nruab nrab tooj liab qib ntawm tooj liab ore nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st yog tsawg tshaj li 0.6%, thiab qhov feem ntawm ore minerals nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ore ntim yog tsawg tshaj li 2%.
Cov neeg lag luam yuav tsum saib cov kev kwv yees qib nrog lub qhov muag tseem ceeb.Thaum ib lub tuam txhab tshawb nrhiav tau tshaj tawm cov lus qhia qib, cov tub ua lag luam yuav tsum nco ntsoov muab piv rau tag nrho qhov tob ntawm cov tub ntxhais xyaum siv los txiav txim siab qib.Tus nqi ntawm qib siab ntawm qhov tob qis yog qis dua tus nqi ntawm cov qib mediocre zoo ib yam los ntawm cov tub ntxhais sib sib zog nqus.
3
Nws raug nqi npaum li cas rau kuv cov tooj liab?
Qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws tooj liab mines yog qhib-qhov mines, txawm hais tias underground tooj liab mines tsis tshua muaj.Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub qhov qhib mine yog cov peev txheej kuj ze rau ntawm qhov chaw.
Mining tuam txhab uas muag tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus siab rau cov nyiaj overburden, uas yog cov nqi ntawm cov pob zeb tsis muaj nqi thiab cov av saum toj no cov peev txheej tooj liab.Cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum raug tshem tawm kom nkag mus rau cov peev txheej.Escondida, tau hais los saum toj no, muaj cov peev txheej uas tau them los ntawm kev them nyiaj ntau dhau, tab sis cov nyiaj tso cia tseem muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam vim muaj cov peev txheej loj hauv av.
4
Cov hom tooj liab yog dab tsi?
Muaj ob hom tooj liab deposits: sulfide ores thiab oxide ores.Tam sim no, feem ntau qhov chaw ntawm tooj liab ore yog sulfide ntxhia chalcopyrite, uas suav txog kwv yees li 50% ntawm tooj liab ntau lawm.Sulfide ores yog ua tiav los ntawm froth flotation kom tau txais tooj liab concentrate.Copper ores uas muaj chalcopyrite tuaj yeem tsim cov concentrates uas muaj 20% mus rau 30% tooj liab.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm chalcocite concentrates feem ntau yog qib siab dua, thiab vim tias chalcocite tsis muaj hlau, cov ntsiab lus tooj liab nyob rau hauv cov concentrate yog li ntawm 37% mus rau 40%.Chalcocite tau raug mined rau ntau pua xyoo thiab yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws tooj liab ore.Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog nws cov ntsiab lus tooj liab siab, thiab cov tooj liab nws muaj tau yooj yim sib cais los ntawm leej faj.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog kuv qhov tooj liab loj niaj hnub no.Copper oxide ore yog leached nrog sulfuric acid, tso cov pob zeb hauv av rau hauv cov tshuaj sulfuric acid nqa cov tshuaj tooj liab sulfate.Cov tooj liab yog ces stripped los ntawm tooj liab sulfate tov (hu ua ib tug nplua nuj leach tov) los ntawm ib tug hnyav extraction thiab electrolytic deposition txheej txheem, uas yog ntau yig tshaj froth flotation.
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-25-2024
