Sodium hydroxide (Naoh), feem ntau yog hu ua caustic dej qab zib, thiab caustic dej qab zib, thiab caustic dej qab zib hauv Hong Kong vim nws lwm lub npe: caustic dej qab zib. Nws yog cov tawv dawb ntawm chav sov thiab yog cov xeb zoo. Yooj yim soluble hauv dej, nws cov kua aqueous yog muaj zog alkaline thiab tuaj yeem tig phenolphatalein liab. Sodium hydroxide yog ib feem ntau siv puag thiab ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv Chemistry chav kuaj. Sodium hydroxide yooj yim nqus dej vapor hauv huab cua, yog li nws yuav tsum tau muab ntim thiab khaws cia nrog roj hmab nres tsheb. Nws cov kev daws teeb meem yuav siv tau ua cov kua ntxuav.
【Ib puag ncig kev cuam tshuam】
1. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. Ntxoov Txoj Kev Taug Kev: Inhalation thiab Kev noj khoom haus. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Cov phom sij: Cov khoom no yog khaus heev thiab corrosive. Cov plua plav los yog pa luam yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag thiab ua pa rau cov kab mob thiab corrode nasal Septum; tiv toj ncaj qha ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag thiab naoh tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab; Kev noj tshuaj haus tsis huv tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab zom mov, cov kua mis ua rau los ntshav thiab los ntshav thiab poob siab.
2. Ib puag ncig cov xwm txheej thiab cov yam ntxwv muaj kev phom sij: Cov khoom no yuav tsis hlawv. Nws yuav tsim kom muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov cua sov thaum raug dej thiab dej vapor, tsim cov tshuaj muaj xeb. Neutralizes nrog acid thiab tso cua sov. Heev corrosive. Combusction (decomposition) cov khoom lag luam: tej zaum yuav tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg lom zem.
[Txoj kev kho mob kub ntxhov]
1 Nws raug nquahu tias cov neeg teb thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev hnav lub qhov ncauj qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib foob. Tsis txhob tuaj rau hauv kev sib chwv ncaj qha nrog cov khoom siv xau. Siv txoj phuam huv los sau nws rau hauv lub thawv qhuav, huv si thiab npog. Ntxiv ib qho nyiaj me me ntawm Naoh rau ntau cov dej, kho nws mus rau nruab nrab, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem khib nyiab. Koj tseem tuaj yeem yaug nrog cov dej uas muaj ntau thiab muab cov dej ntxuav kom huv rau hauv cov txheej txheem khib nyiab. Yog tias muaj qhov dej xau ntau, sau thiab rov qab lossis muab pov tseg rau tom qab kev kho tsis zoo.
2. Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ua pa ua pa ua pa: Hnav lub ntsej muag roj thaum tsim nyog. Kev tiv thaiv qhov muag: hnav cov tsom iav kev nyab xeeb tshuaj. Cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv: hnav txhua yam (ua los ntawm cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv corrosion). Tes tiv thaiv: Hnav hnab looj tes roj hmab. Lwm tus: Tom qab ua haujlwm, da dej, hnav khaub ncaws. Them sai sai rau kev nyiam huv tus kheej. 3. Thawj pab ntsuas cov tawv nqaij ntsuas: yaug tam sim ntawd nrog dej ntau, tom qab ntawd siv 3% -5% boric acid daws teeb meem. Qhov muag sib cuag: nqa muag muag tam sim ntawd thiab yaug cov dej ntws lossis dej qab ntsev rau tsawg kawg yog 15 feeb. Lossis yaug nrog 3% boric acid daws. Nrhiav kev kho mob. Inhalation: Txav mus sai sai rau cua. Muab ua pa yog tias tsim nyog. Nrhiav kev kho mob. Kev noj haus: co kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom sai li sai tau nrog qee yam zoo li cov protein, xws li kua mis nyeem qaub thiab lwm yam khoom nojCaws. Yaug koj lub qhov ncauj tam sim thaum tus neeg mob tsaug zog, noj cov kua txiv qaub lossis txiv qaub thiab mus nrhiav kev kho mob. Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob: Cov Dej Ntuj, xuab zeb, carbon dioxide tua hluav taws tua hluav taws.
Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj 【Tshuaj lom neeg】
1. Naah yog lub hauv paus muaj zog thiab muaj tag nrho cov khoom ntawm lub hauv paus.
2. Coob leej ntau tus neeg muaj ionized hauv cov tshuaj aqueous: naoh = na oh
3. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog acid: naoh + hcl = nacl + h24sh + h no3 = nano3 + h2o
4. Yuav tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog qee cov tshuaj acidic oxides: 2Nsoh + So2 (NaWhoh + So2) (
5. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium hydroxide tov thiab aluminium: 2NOs (OL (Oh) ) 3 ↓ + 3h2 ↑)
6. Lub zog alkali tuaj yeem siv los npaj ib qho tsis muaj zog alkali: Naoh + NH4Cl = Nacl + NH3NO
7. Muaj peev xwm hnov mob nrog qee cov ntsev: 2Nsoh + cuso4 = cu (huag) 2 ↓ + na2nacl + mg (huag) 2 ↓ (Laboratory Kuaj He-)
8. Naoh yog corrosive heev thiab tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov qauv ntawm cov protein.
9. Naoh tuaj yeem nqus cov pa roj carbon dioxide. Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv yog raws li nram no: 2NNOH + NA2 = H2O (ib qho me me ntawm CO2) NUAH + CE2)
10. Naah tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog silica, Sio2 + 2Nsoh = na2sio3 + h2o (vim tias na2sio3 yog lub iav nres hauv lub khob iav, tus nres tsheb yuav ua raws li lub cev lub cev, ua Nws nyuaj rau qhib, yog li feem ntau yog thaum lub fwj khob muaj sodium hydroxide, roj hmab nres yuav tsum siv)
11. Yuav tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog cov ntsuas. "Alkali cov khoom" yuav tig liab thaum tsis muaj kob phenolthtionin (ntau dhau ntawm cov sociumthaleIrther tseem yuav ua rau cov pa tawm), thiab tig xiav thaum raug cov phuam qhwv caj dab litmus.
12. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev txo qis thaum muab tso rau saum huab cua, thiab nqus cov pa co2 hauv huab cua thiab tsis txaus ntseeg. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv ib puag ncig qhuav thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv kom qhuav roj. 【Sau Lus】 pob ntim nruj thiab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav. Kev cais cov khoom ntim thiab tsheb thauj khoom ntawm cov kua qaub thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Thaum muaj tawv nqaij (qhov muag) kev sib cuag, yaug nrog dej ntau. Yog tias nws yog daim tawv nqaij, thov boric acid tom qab. Yog tias nqos los ntawm kev ua yuam kev, yaug lub qhov ncauj nrog dej, haus mis lossis qe dawb. Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob: Dej, xuab zeb. Qee cov neeg muag khoom hauv kev ua lag luam siv sodium hydroxide thaum ua cov cw khov, uas yog tsis tso cai khov. Kev tawm tsam kev raug tshem tawm yog qhov nruab nrab. CO2 sib xyaw hauv cov roj alkaline tuaj yeem muab tshem tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no: CO2 + 2Nsoh = NA2CO3 + H2O. Calcium Hydroxide yog ib qho zoo me ntsis soluble thiab tsis tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau cal2 raws li tibs xwm ib yam, yog li naoh feem ntau siv rau kev nqus. Txhawm rau ua pov thawj CO2, calrocium hydroxide siv.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Sep-02-2024
