Cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc uas raug oxidized (cerussite, anglesite, smithsonite, hemimorphite, thiab lwm yam) muaj cov nplaim hydrophilic thiab tsis tuaj yeem ntab ncaj qha nrog cov khoom sau xanthate. Kev ntxiv sodium sulphide sulphidises cov hlau, ua rau muaj kev nqus tau cov xanthates tom qab. Tshaj li sulphidisation thiab activation, sodium sulphide kuj muab kev nyuaj siab xaiv, kev kho pH ntawm lub pulp, thiab kev tshem tawm cov reagent, ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua cov hlau lead-zinc uas raug oxidized.
I. Kev Sulphidisation thiab kev ua haujlwm
- Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv
Sodium sulphide hydrolyses hauv dej los tsim S²⁻ thiab HS⁻ ions, uas react nrog cov hlau ions ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc oxidized los ntawm kev yaj-precipitation, tsim cov zaj duab xis hydrophobic sulphide:
Cerussite:
PbCO₃ + 2HS⁻ → PbS + CO₂ + H₂O (piv txwv txog kev ua tshuaj; duab qhov chaw)
Smithsonite:
ZnCO₃ + 2HS⁻ → ZnS + CO₂ + H₂O (piv txwv txog kev ua tshuaj; duab qhov chaw)
Zaj duab xis PbS uas tsim tau yog ntom thiab ruaj khov, nqus tau cov xanthate thiab ua rau cov hlau lead oxidized muaj qhov ntab zoo li sulphide. Zaj duab xis ZnS xoob thiab yooj yim oxidation thiab detachment; sodium sulphide ib leeg tsis txaus rau cov zinc oxidized floating, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm thib ob nrog cov amine collectors tom qab.
- Tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv thov
Yog tsis muaj sodium sulphide, tag nrho cov kev rov qab los ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc uas raug oxidized yog tsawg. Nrog rau kev sulphidisation kom zoo, kev rov qab los ntawm cov hlau lead nce ntxiv ntau heev. Sulphidisation yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev sib xyaw cov hlau oxidized. Hauv kev xyaum, sodium sulphide raug ntxiv ua ntej rau sulphidisation, ua raws li xanthate rau kev sib xyaw cov hlau lead xaiv.
II. Kev nyuaj siab xaiv
- Kev txo qis ntawm cov khoom tsis huv xws li sphalerite thiab pyrite
S²⁻ ntau dhau hauv lub pulp txheej galena, sphalerite, thiab pyrite nto, cuam tshuam xanthate adsorption thiab tsim cov teebmeem depressive.
Hauv theem ua cov hmoov txhuas loj, siv cov tshuaj sodium sulphide nruab nrab los ua kom tsuas yog cov hmoov txhuas oxidized ua haujlwm xwb; ntau dhau ua rau cov hmoov txhuas poob qis thaum ua rau cov sphalerite thawj zaug poob qis heev, yog li ua tiav kev sib cais zinc-lead.
Rau theem zinc flotation, cov tailings txhuas yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si kom txo cov sodium sulphide concentration thiab tshem tawm kev nyuaj siab, ua ntej siv cov amine collectors los rov qab zinc. - Cov cai ntawm kev siv tshuaj
Tsis txaus cov tshuaj: zaj duab xis sulphide nyias thiab tsis tiav, rov qab tau cov hlau lead tsawg.
Kev siv tshuaj nruab nrab: kev ua kom tag nrho ntawm cov hlau lead oxidized thiab kev nyuaj siab nruab nrab ntawm sphalerite, kev sib cais zoo tshaj plaws.
Kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau: S²⁻ ntau dhau yuav ua rau cov hlau lead thiab sphalerite uas raug oxidized poob qis, ua rau cov hlau lead thiab zinc rov qab los poob qis heev.
III. Kev kho cov nqaij ntawm cov nqaij
- Kev kho pH
Kev hydrolysis ntawm sodium sulphide ua rau muaj cov kua qaub alkaline heev, ua rau lub pulp pH nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 8.5–11. Qhov chaw alkaline tiv thaiv kev lwj ntawm cov zaj duab xis sulphide, ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm sulphidisation. - Eh tswj hwm
Cov ions sulphide txo qis qhov muaj peev xwm oxidation ntawm lub pulp, tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm oxidative ntawm zaj duab xis PbS. Rau cov ores oxidized heev, qee qhov ntau dhau ntawm sodium sulphide yuav tsum tau khaws cia ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis. - Nag los ntawm cov hlau hnyav ions uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij
Cov Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, thiab Fe³⁺ ions dawb hauv lub pulp ua rau cov zaub mov gangue tsis xaiv, txo qhov kev xaiv. S²⁻ ua rau cov ions no ua sulphides, tshem tawm kev cuam tshuam thiab txo qhov kev siv cov reagent tsis tsim nyog. - Kev tawg ntawm cov kua nplaum
Cov khoom siv alkaline hydrolysis ua rau cov slimes me me tawg, ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av los ntawm slimes.
IV. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev nyuaj siab / kev tshem tawm
Thaum cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov hlau lead-zinc oxidized raug tsim tawm, ntau cov sodium sulphide tuaj yeem ntxiv rau ntawm qhov concentration siab. S²⁻ sib tw tshem tawm cov xanthate uas tau nqus rau ntawm cov chaw ua pob zeb, tshem tawm cov khoom sau kom huv si. Tom qab ntxuav thiab rov ua dua, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm sulphidisation thiab kev sib cais raug siv los daws cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc uas raug xauv. Qhov no feem ntau siv rau hauv cov voj voog sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hlau polymetallic oxygen-sulphide.
V. Kev sib txawv ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm sodium sulphide ntawm cov hlau lead piv rau cov zinc minerals
- Cov hlau lead uas raug oxidized (cerussite) - tsim ib daim zaj duab xis PbS ntom ntom; sodium sulphide nruab nrab txaus rau kev ntab ruaj khov; tsuas yog ntau dhau ua rau muaj kev poob qis. Haum rau kev ntab cov hlau lead ua los ntawm xanthate.
- Zinc uas raug oxidized (smithsonite) - tsim ib daim zaj duab xis ZnS xoob; sodium sulphide ib leeg xwb tsis tuaj yeem ntab nws. Sodium sulphide tsuas yog ua haujlwm ua ntej xwb, thiab xav tau cov khoom sau cationic xws li octadecylamine lossis dodecylamine. Cov sodium sulphide seem ua rau cov zinc uas raug oxidized ntab poob qis heev.
VI. Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb rau kev coj ua hauv kev lag luam
- Kev sib ntxiv sib cais: ntxiv rau hauv ob qho tib si theem sib tsoo thiab roughing flotation kom ntev lub sijhawm sib cuag sulphidisation.
- Cov tailings uas ua los ntawm cov hlau lead yuav tsum tau diluted thiab ntxuav kom txo cov sodium sulphide seem ua ntej zinc flotation.
- Rau cov ores uas muaj oxidized heev, cov av nplaum ntau, sib xyaw nrog cov neeg sawv cev txo qis (hlau hmoov) thiab cov tshuaj dispersants (sodium hexametaphosphate) kom ruaj khov cov zaj duab xis sulphide.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim: tsim cov pa roj lom ntawm qe lwj (H₂S) - xav tau qhov cua; cov tshuaj reagent ntau dhau ua rau nqi kim; cov dej khib nyiab sulfide ntau dhau qhov txwv.
Lus Cim Tshwj Xeeb: NaHS, yog siv, yuav lwj yooj yim.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Xya Hli-13-2026
